This reference manual details the use of modules distributed with
Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS), an open source (GNU
GPL'ed), image processing and geographic information system (GIS).
d.ask | Prompts the user to select a GRASS data base file from among files displayed in a menu on the graphics monitor. |
d.barscale | Displays a barscale on GRASS monitor. |
d.colorlist | Output a list of all available display colors with a configurable separator (default is comma). |
d.colors | Allows the user to interactively change the color table |
d.colortable | To display the color table associated with a raster map layer. |
d.correlate | prints a graph of the correlation between data layers (in pairs) |
d.erase | Erase the contents of the active display frame with user defined color |
d.extend | d.extend |
d.extract | d.extract |
d.font.freetype | Selects the font in which text will be displayed on the user's graphics monitor. |
d.font | Selects the font in which text will be displayed on the user's graphics monitor. |
d.frame | Manages display frames on the user's graphics monitor. |
d.geodesic | Displays a geodesic line, tracing the shortest distance between two geographic points along a great circle, in a longitude/latitude data set. |
d.graph | Program for generating and displaying simple graphics on the display monitor. |
d.grid | d.grid |
d.his | Displays the result obtained by combining hue, intensity, and saturation (his) values from user-specified input raster map layers. |
d.histogram | Displays a histogram in the form of a pie or bar chart for a user-specified raster file. |
d.info | Display information about the active display monitor |
d.labels | Displays text labels (created with v.label) to the active frame on the graphics monitor. |
d.legend | Displays a legend for a raster map in the active frame of the graphics monitor. |
d.linegraph | Generates and displays simple line graphs in the active graphics monitor display frame. |
d.m | Display manager for GRASS |
d.mapgraph | Generates and displays simple graphics on map layers drawn in the active graphics monitor display frame. |
d.measure | Measures the lengths and areas of features drawn by the user in the active display frame on the graphics monitor. |
d.menu | Creates and displays a menu within the active frame on the graphics monitor. |
d.mon | To establish and control use of a graphics display monitor. |
d.monsize | Selects/starts specified monitor at specified size |
d.mvmon | Moves displayed maps to another monitor |
d.nviz | Create fly-through script to run in NVIZ |
d.out.file | Saves active display monitor to graphics file in home directory |
d.out.gpsdrive | Export display monitor to a GpsDrive compatible backdrop image |
d.out.png | Saves active display monitor to PNG file in home directory |
d.path | d.path |
d.polar | Draws polar diagram of angle map such as aspect or flow directions |
d.profile | Interactive profile plotting utility with optional output. |
d.rast.arrow | Draws arrows representing cell aspect direction for a raster map containing aspect data. |
d.rast.edit | d.rast.edit |
d.rast | Displays and overlays raster map layers in the active display frame on the graphics monitor |
d.rast.leg | Displays a raster map and its legend on a graphics window |
d.rast.num | Overlays cell category values on a raster map layer displayed to the graphics monitor. |
d.redraw | Redraws the current display frame in the GRASS monitor |
d.resize | Resizes active display monitor |
d.rgb | Displays three user-specified raster map layers as red, green, and blue overlays in the active graphics frame. |
d.rhumbline | Displays the rhumbline joining two user-specified points, in the active frame on the user's graphics monitor. |
d.save | Create a list of commands for recreating screen graphics. |
d.slide.show | Slide show of GRASS raster/vector maps |
d.split | Divides active display into two frames & displays maps/executes commands in each frame. |
d.text.freetype | Draws text in the graphics monitor's active display frame using TrueType fonts. |
d.text | Draws text in the active display frame on the graphics monitor using the current font. |
d.title | Outputs a TITLE for a raster map layer in a form suitable for display by d.text. |
d.vect.chart | d.vect.chart |
d.vect | d.vect |
d.vect.thematic | Displays thematic vectormap |
d.what.rast | Allows the user to interactively query the category contents of multiple raster map layers at user specified locations within the current geographic region. |
d.what.vect | d.what.vect |
d.where | d.where |
d.zoom | d.zoom |
i.cca | Canonical components analysis (cca) program for image processing. |
i.class | i.class |
i.cluster | An imagery function that generates spectral signatures for land cover types in an image using a clustering algorithm. The resulting signature file is used as input for i.maxlik, to generate an unsupervised image classification. |
i.fft | Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) for image processing. |
i.fusion.brovey | Brovey transform to merge multispectral and high-res panchromatic channels |
i.gensig | Generates statistics for i.maxlik from raster map layer. |
i.gensigset | Generate statistics for i.smap from raster map layer. |
i.group | Creates and edits groups and subgroups of imagery files. |
i.his.rgb | Hue-intensity-saturation (his) to red-green-blue (rgb) raster map color transformation function. |
i.ifft | Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (ifft) for image processing. |
i.image.mosaic | Mosaics up to 4 images and extends colormap; creates map *.mosaic |
i.in.spotvgt | Import of SPOT VGT NDVI file into a raster map |
i.landsat.rgb | Auto-balancing of colors for LANDSAT images |
i.maxlik | An imagery function that classifies the cell spectral reflectances in imagery data based on the spectral signature information generated by either i.cluster, i.class, or i.gensig. |
i.oif | Calculates Optimum-Index-Factor table for LANDSAT TM bands 1-5, & 7 |
i.ortho.photo | i.ortho.photo |
i.pca | Principal components analysis (pca) program for image processing. |
i.points | Mark ground control points on image to be rectified. |
i.rectify | Rectifies an image by computing a coordinate transformation for each pixel in the image based on the control points |
i.rgb.his | Red-green-blue (rgb) to hue-intensity-saturation (his) raster map color transformation function. |
i.smap | Performs contextual image classification using sequential maximum a posteriori (SMAP) estimation. |
i.spectral | displays spectral response at user specified locations in group or images |
i.target | Targets an imagery group to a GRASS location and mapset. |
i.tasscap | Tasseled Cap (Kauth Thomas) transformation for LANDSAT-TM data |
i.vpoints | i.vpoints |
i.zc | Zero-crossing "edge detection" raster function for image processing. |
r.average | Finds the average of values in a cover map within areas assigned the same category value in a user-specified base map. |
r.basins.fill | Generates a raster map layer showing watershed subbasins. |
r.bilinear | Bilinear interpolation utility for raster map layers. |
r.bitpattern | Compares bit patterns with a raster map |
r.blend | Blends color components of two raster maps by a given ratio |
r.buffer | Creates a raster map layer showing buffer zones surrounding cells that contain non-NULL category values. |
r.carve | r.carve |
r.cats | Prints category values and labels associated with user-specified raster map layers. |
r.circle | Creates a raster map containing concentric rings around a given point |
r.clump | Recategorizes data in a raster map layer by grouping cells that form physically discrete areas into unique categories. |
r.coin | Tabulates the mutual occurrence (coincidence) of categories for two raster map layers. |
r.colors | Creates/Modifies the color table associated with a raster map layer. |
r.composite | Combines red, green and blue map layers into a single composite map layer. |
r.compress | Compresses and decompresses raster files. |
r.contour | r.contour |
r.cost | r.cost |
r.covar | Outputs a covariance/correlation matrix for user-specified raster map layer(s). |
r.cross | Creates a cross product of the category values from multiple raster map layers. |
r.describe | Prints terse list of category values found in a raster map layer. |
r.digit | Interactive tool used to draw and save vector features on a graphics monitor using a pointing device (mouse) and save to a raster map. |
r.distance | Locates the closest points between objects in two raster maps. |
r.drain | r.drain |
r.fill.dir | Filters and generates a depressionless elevation map and a flow direction map from a given elevation layer |
r.fillnulls | Fills no-data areas in raster maps using v.surf.rst splines interpolation |
r.flow | r.flow |
r.grow | Generates a raster map layer with contiguous areas grown by one cell. |
r.his | Generates red, green and blue raster map layers combining hue, intensity, and saturation (his) values from user-specified input raster map layers. |
r.in.arc | Convert an ESRI ARC/INFO ascii raster file (GRID) into a (binary) raster map layer. |
r.in.ascii | Convert an ASCII raster text file into a (binary) raster map layer. |
r.in.aster | r.in.aster - georeferencing, rectification, and import of Terra-ASTER imagery and relative DEM's using gdalwarp |
r.in.bin | Import a binary raster file into a GRASS raster map layer. |
r.in.gdal | r.in.gdal |
r.in.gridatb | Imports GRIDATB.FOR map file (TOPMODEL) into GRASS raster map |
r.in.mat | Import a binary MAT-File(v4) to a GRASS raster. |
r.in.poly | Create raster maps from ascii polygon/line data files in the current directory. |
r.in.srtm | Import SRTM HGT files into GRASS |
r.in.wms | Downloads and imports data from WMS servers |
r.in.xyz | Create a raster map from an assemblage of many coordinates using univariate statistics. |
r.info | Outputs basic information about a user-specified raster map layer. |
r.kappa | Calculate error matrix and kappa parameter for accuracy assessment of classification result. |
r.lake | Fills lake from seed at given level |
r.le.patch | Calculates attribute, patch size, core (interior) size, shape, fractal dimension, and perimeter measures for sets of patches in a landscape. |
r.le.pixel | Contains a set of measures for attributes, diversity, texture, juxtaposition, and edge. |
r.le.setup | r.le.setup |
r.le.trace | Display the boundary of each r.le patch and show how the boundary is traced, display the attribute, size, perimeter, and shape indices for each patch, and save the data in an output file. |
r.los | Line-of-sight raster analysis program. |
r.mapcalc | |
r.mapcalculator | r.mapcalculator - Calculates new raster map from r.mapcalc expression |
r.mask | Create a MASK for limiting raster operation |
r.median | Finds the median of values in a cover map within areas assigned the same category value in a user-specified base map. |
r.mfilter | Raster file matrix filter. |
r.mode | Finds the mode of values in a cover map within areas assigned the same category value in a user-specified base map. |
r.neighbors | Makes each cell category value a function of the category values assigned to the cells around it, and stores new cell values in an output raster map layer. |
r.null | Creates explicitly the NULL-value bitmap file. |
r.out.arc | Converts a raster map layer into an ESRI ARCGRID file. |
r.out.ascii | Converts a raster map layer into an ASCII text file. |
r.out.bin | Exports a GRASS raster to a binary array. |
r.out.gdal | Exports GRASS raster data into various formats (requires GDAL) |
r.out.gridatb | Exports GRASS raster map to GRIDATB.FOR map file (TOPMODEL) |
r.out.mat | Exports a GRASS raster to a binary MAT-File. |
r.out.mpeg | Raster File Series to MPEG Conversion Program. |
r.out.png | Export GRASS raster as non-georeferenced PNG image format. |
r.out.pov | Converts a raster map layer into a height-field file for POVRAY. |
r.out.ppm | Converts a GRASS raster file to a PPM image file at the pixel resolution of the CURRENTLY DEFINED REGION. |
r.out.ppm3 | Converts 3 GRASS raster layers (R,G,B) to a PPM image file at the pixel resolution of the CURRENTLY DEFINED REGION. |
r.out.tiff | Exports a GRASS raster file to a 8/24bit TIFF image file at the pixel resolution of the currently defined region. |
r.out.vrml | Export a raster map to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) |
r.out.vtk | Converts raster maps into the VTK-Ascii format |
r.param.scale | Extracts terrain parameters from a DEM. Uses a multi-scalar approach by taking fitting quadratic parameters to any size window (via least squares) |
r.patch | Creates a composite raster map layer by using known category values from one (or more) map layer(s) to fill in areas of "no data" in another map layer. |
r.plane | Creates raster plane map given dip (inclination), aspect (azimuth), and one point |
r.profile | Outputs the raster map layer values lying on user-defined line(s). |
r.proj | r.proj |
r.quant | This routine produces the quantization file for a floating-point map. |
r.random.cells | Generates random cell values with spatial dependence. |
r.random | r.random |
r.random.surface | Generates random surface(s) with spatial dependence. |
r.reclass.area | Reclasses a raster map greater or less than user specified area size (in hectares) |
r.reclass | Creates a new map layer whose category values are based upon the user's reclassification of categories in an existing raster map layer. |
r.recode | Recode raster maps. |
r.region | r.region |
r.regression.line | Calculates linear regression from two raster maps: y = a + b*x |
r.report | Reports statistics for raster map layers. |
r.resamp.rst | r.resamp.rst |
r.resample | GRASS raster map layer data resampling capability. |
r.rescale.eq | Rescales histogram equalized the range of category values in a raster map layer. |
r.rescale | Rescales the range of category values in a raster map layer. |
r.ros | Generates three, or four raster map layers showing 1) the base (perpendicular) rate of spread (ROS), 2) the maximum (forward) ROS, 3) the direction of the maximum ROS, and optionally 4) the maximum potential spotting distance. |
r.series | Makes each output cell value a function of the values assigned to the corresponding cells in the input raster map layers. |
r.shaded.relief | Creates shaded relief map from an elevation map (DEM). |
r.sim.sediment | r.sim.sediment |
r.sim.water | r.sim.water |
r.slope.aspect | Generates raster map layers of slope, aspect, curvatures and partial derivatives from a raster map layer of true elevation values. Aspect is calculated counterclockwise from east. |
r.spread | Simulates elliptically anisotropic spread on a graphics window and generates a raster map of the cumulative time of spread, given raster maps containing the rates of spread (ROS), the ROS directions and the spread origins. It optionally produces raster maps to contain backlink UTM coordinates for tracing spread paths. |
r.spreadpath | Recursively traces the least cost path backwards to cells from which the cumulative cost was determined. |
r.statistics | Category or object oriented statistics. |
r.stats | Generates area statistics for raster map layers. |
r.sum | Sums up the raster cell values. |
r.sun | r.sun |
r.sunmask | r.sunmask |
r.support | Allows creation and/or modification of raster map layer support files. |
r.surf.area | Surface area estimation for rasters. |
r.surf.contour | Surface generation program from rasterized contours. |
r.surf.fractal | Creates a fractal surface of a given fractal dimension. |
r.surf.gauss | GRASS module to produce a raster map layer of gaussian deviates whose mean and standard deviation can be expressed by the user. It uses a gaussian random number generator. |
r.surf.idw | Surface interpolation utility for raster map layers. |
r.surf.idw2 | Surface generation program. |
r.surf.random | Produces a raster map layer of uniform random deviates whose range can be expressed by the user. |
r.texture | Generate images with textural features from a raster map |
r.thin | Thins non-zero cells that denote linear features in a raster map layer. |
r.tileset | Produces tilings of the source projection for use in the destination region and projection. |
r.timestamp | Print/add/remove a timestamp for a raster map. |
r.to.rast3 | Converts 2D raster map slices to one 3D raster volume map |
r.to.rast3elev | Creates a 3D volume map based on 2D elevation and value raster maps |
r.to.vect | r.to.vect |
r.topidx | Creates topographic index, ln(a/tan(beta)), map from elevation map. |
r.topmodel | Simulates TOPMODEL which is a physically based hydrologic model. |
r.transect | Outputs raster map layer values lying along user defined transect line(s). |
r.univar | Calculates univariate statistics from the non-null cells of a raster map. |
r.univar.sh | calculates univariate statistics from a GRASS raster map |
r.volume | r.volume |
r.walk | r.walk |
r.water.outlet | Watershed basin creation program. |
r.watershed | Watershed basin analysis program. |
r.what | Queries raster map layers on their category values and category labels. |